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테러보고서, 국제적인 테러의 위협 경고 |
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주한미국대사관 |
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정치외교연구센터 / 한반도와 미국 |
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참고자료 |
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정책보고서 |
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주한미국대사관 |
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2008/04/30 |
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Washington -- Improving international cooperation allowed new gains against terrorism in 2007, but shifting terrorist tactics, the role of state sponsors such as Iran and terrorists’ pursuit of weapons of mass destruction underline a continuing security challenge, according to an annual State Department report on global terrorism.
“Working with allies and partners across the world, we have created a less permissive operating environment for terrorists, keeping leaders on the move or in hiding, and degrading their ability to plan and mount attacks,” says the 2007 Country Reports on Terrorism, released April 30.
While many governments are confronting terrorism through a combination of active international engagement and responsible domestic policies, terrorist groups have found safe haven in unstable corners of the world and are exploiting the Internet to stage a propaganda campaign to attract new recruits.
COUNTERING RADICALISM A KEY CHALLENGE
Even as improved international cooperation and intelligence exchanges led to the capture and elimination of key terrorist leaders in Iraq, Pakistan, Ethiopia and the Philippines, al-Qaida took advantage of continued instability along the Afghan-Pakistan border and a Pakistani-brokered cease-fire agreement to rebuild its capabilities and strengthen operational connections to affiliates in the Middle East, North Africa and Europe.
The move reflects a continuing tactical shift from “expeditionary” to “guerilla” terrorism, according to the report, with terrorists increasingly relying on efforts to manipulate discontented youth onto the path of radicalism, particularly in Europe. The report compares the process to a “conveyor belt,” calculated gradually to expose youths to increasingly radicalized and extremist viewpoints, turning them into sympathizers, supporters and ultimately, in some cases, members of terrorist networks.
“Counter-radicalization is a key policy priority for the United States,” the report states, citing Saudi Arabia’s successful model for rehabilitating former terrorists and calling on states to continue building “trusted networks” of government agencies, multilateral organizations, and businesses and community leaders who can work together to address the core social and economic issues exploited by extremists.
The growing link between terrorism and transnational crime is another trend worth watching, with groups raising funds through illicit activities such as trafficking in persons and narcotics and using criminal networks to facilitate terrorist movement, the report said.
State sponsors of terrorism also remain yet another major challenge, the report adds, citing Iran’s training and arming of Shia militants in Iraq as well as its joint support of Lebanon’s Hezbollah with Syria. Other state sponsors of terrorism cited in the report are Cuba, North Korea and Sudan.
REPORT HIGHLIGHTS TERRORISM TRENDS
The annual report to Congress includes analysis from the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), a U.S. intelligence clearinghouse, which reported 14,499 terrorist attacks worldwide in 2007 -- a slight decrease from 14,570 in 2006.
NCTC reported that in 2007, a total of 72,066 civilians were targeted in attacks worldwide, with 22,685 deaths. In 2006, NCTC reported 75,211 civilians were targeted in attacks, resulting in 20,872 deaths.
As in 2006, Iraq remained the leading site for terrorism, reported the NCTC, accounting for 43 percent of terrorist attacks and 60 percent of terrorism-related deaths worldwide. The overall number of attacks declined slightly from 6,628 in 2006 to 6,212 in 2007, but as Iraqi and coalition security operations intensified, the number of Iraqi civilians killed, injured or kidnapped by terrorists rose from 38,863 in 2006 to 44,008 in 2007.
The report also found a 16 percent increase in terrorist attacks in Afghanistan, from 969 incidents in 2006 to 1,127 in 2007.
As in 2006, the report says, “Muslims bore the substantial share of being victims of terrorist attacks in 2007,” with as many as 50 percent of the total number of civilians killed or injured by terrorists in 2007, based on NCTC analysis.
Children increasingly were the victims of terrorism in 2007, with 2,400 killed or injured in attacks, a 25 percent increase from the previous year. As in 2006, government officials, teachers and journalists remain the leading professionals targeted by terrorists, according to the report.
TERRORISM ON DECLINE OUTSIDE MIDEAST, AFRICA
Elsewhere in the Middle East, Israel, Lebanon, Algeria, Morocco and Saudi Arabia saw high-profile attacks in 2007. Africa also saw a dramatic 96 percent rise in terrorist attacks, related primarily to continuing instability in Somalia.
Terrorist attacks declined 42 percent in the Western Hemisphere and were confined primarily to the Andean region. Praising Canada and Mexico for their commitment to fighting terrorism, the report expresses continued concern about Venezuela, where President Hugo Chavez has strengthened ties with Cuba and Iran and has allowed terrorist groups and drug traffickers from neighboring Colombia to cross into Venezuela.
Europe and Eurasia also experienced continued decreases in terrorist incidents during 2007. No major attacks occurred in the region during 2007, but authorities disrupted several plots, including attempted bombings in the United Kingdom, Germany and Denmark.
In East Asia, the report highlights increasing regional counterterrorism coordination, with Australia, China, Indonesia, Japan and the Philippines playing leading roles in confronting threats from groups such as Jemaah Islamiyah and Abu Sayyaf.
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korean.seoul.usembassy.gov/special_reports.html#glo |
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※ 코리아연구원은 기획재정부에서 공익성기부금대상단체(2006-176호)로 선정되었으므로
연말정산 때 소득공제를 받으실 수 있습니다. |
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::: 코리아연구원 (KNSI : 새로운 코리아구상을 위한 연구원) :::
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